The Turkish Straits (Istanbul and Çanakkale Straits) are international waterways where special safety measures are applied due to heavy traffic, narrow passage areas, and variable meteorological conditions. In this context, pilotage and escort tug usage are mandatory under certain conditions to enhance vessel safety and minimize environmental risks during strait transits.
These requirements, determined by competent authorities, are applied taking into account the physical characteristics of the vessel, the type of cargo carried, and operational risks.
Pilotage Requirements
Pilotage is mandatory for certain vessels transiting the Turkish Straits. Pilots are experts in the hydrographic structure of the strait, traffic patterns, currents, and local operational rules, providing guidance to the ship captain throughout the transit.
Vessels Subject to Mandatory Pilotage
Pilotage is mandatory for vessels with the following characteristics:
- Vessels with LOA (Length Overall) of 150 meters and above
- Vessels carrying dangerous cargo
- LPG and LNG carriers
- Special type vessels assessed as risky by competent authorities
Pilotage is a critical safety element for enhancing transit safety and reducing potential accident risks.
Escort Tug Requirements
Escort tugs are assigned to ensure safety during strait transits, especially for vessels with limited maneuverability or those carrying high risks. Escort tug services support vessel control and provide rapid response capability in emergency situations.
Vessels Requiring Escort Tugs
Escort tug usage is mandatory for the following vessel types:
- Large tonnage tankers
- Gas tankers carrying LNG and LPG
- Vessels carrying high risks due to cargo type or technical characteristics
The number and power of escort tugs are determined by competent authorities based on vessel dimensions, cargo status, and transit conditions.
Operational Assessment and Coordination
Pilot and escort tug requirements are finalized according to the assessment of competent institutions for each transit. Weather conditions, traffic density, and special operational circumstances may affect these decisions.